Dental scaling and root planing, commonly referred to as deep cleaning, is a non-surgical procedure performed by dental professionals to treat gum disease and restore oral health. It involves the thorough removal of plaque, tartar (calculus), and bacteria from below the gumline, as well as smoothing the surfaces of the tooth roots to promote gum reattachment and prevent further periodontal disease progression.

The procedure typically consists of two main components:

1. Scaling: During scaling, the dental hygienist or dentist uses specialized instruments, such as ultrasonic scalers and hand scalers, to remove plaque and tartar deposits from the tooth surfaces above and below the gumline. This process eliminates the bacteria and toxins that contribute to gum inflammation and periodontal disease.
2. Root Planing: Root planing involves the smoothing of the tooth roots to remove any rough areas or bacterial toxins that may be present. This helps to prevent plaque and bacteria from accumulating on the root surfaces and encourages the gums to reattach to the teeth, reducing pocket depths and promoting periodontal healing.

Dental scaling and root planing may be recommended for patients with signs of gum disease, such as red, swollen, or bleeding gums, as well as pockets of infection or bone loss around the teeth. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia to ensure patient comfort, although sedation options may be available for individuals with dental anxiety or sensitivity.

Following dental scaling and root planing, patients are advised to maintain a rigorous oral hygiene routine, including regular brushing, flossing, and antimicrobial mouthwash use, to prevent the recurrence of gum disease. Additionally, patients may be scheduled for periodic maintenance cleanings to monitor their periodontal health and ensure the effectiveness of treatment.

Overall, dental scaling and root planing are essential components of periodontal therapy and play a crucial role in preventing the progression of gum disease, preserving oral health, and promoting a healthy smile. By addressing the underlying causes of periodontal infection and inflammation, deep cleaning helps to restore the health and integrity of the gums and supporting structures, ultimately contributing to improved overall well-being.