A fissured tongue, also known as lingua plicata or scrotal tongue, is a benign condition characterized by the presence of deep grooves or fissures on the dorsal (top) surface of the tongue. These grooves can vary in depth and number, giving the tongue a wrinkled or cracked appearance. The condition is usually harmless and often asymptomatic, but some individuals may experience mild discomfort or sensitivity, particularly when consuming certain foods.

The exact cause of fissured tongue is not well understood, but it is believed to have a genetic component and may be associated with certain syndromes, such as Down syndrome or Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. It can also occur in conjunction with other conditions like geographic tongue. Good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing of the tongue, can help manage symptoms and prevent debris from accumulating in the fissures, which can sometimes lead to irritation or infection. If there are any concerns or persistent symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and management.