Hemisection is a dental procedure in which one half of a tooth is surgically removed, typically due to significant damage or infection in one root or portion of the tooth. It is usually performed on multi-rooted teeth, such as molars, and aims to preserve the remaining healthy portion of the tooth while eliminating the diseased or compromised part.

Here’s a detailed explanation of the hemisection procedure:

1. Indications:

• Hemisection is indicated when one root or portion of a multi-rooted tooth is extensively damaged or infected, making it non-restorable through conventional means like fillings or root canal therapy.
• Common reasons for hemisection include advanced periodontal disease, root fractures, extensive decay, or trauma to one root of a multi-rooted tooth.

1. Preparation:

• Before the procedure, the dentist will conduct a thorough examination of the affected tooth, including clinical assessment and radiographic evaluation, to determine the extent of damage and plan the treatment.
• Local anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient’s comfort during the procedure.

1. Procedure:

• Tooth isolation: The tooth and surrounding area are isolated using a dental dam or other protective barrier to maintain a clean and sterile environment.
• Tooth sectioning: Using precise dental instruments, the dentist carefully divides the tooth along the furcation (the area where the roots meet) to separate the healthy portion from the diseased or damaged portion.
• Root removal: The affected root or portion of the tooth is surgically removed, along with any associated infection, debris, or damaged tissue. The remaining healthy root(s) and surrounding bone are preserved.
• Root canal therapy: If the remaining root(s) require root canal treatment, it may be performed to remove any remaining infected or inflamed tissue and seal the root canal space.
• Restoration: After root removal and root canal therapy (if needed), the remaining portion of the tooth is restored with a filling material or crown to restore function and aesthetics.

1. Postoperative Care:

• Following the procedure, the patient may experience some discomfort or swelling, which can be managed with pain medication and cold compresses applied to the outside of the cheek.
• Patients are advised to follow postoperative instructions provided by the dentist, including dietary restrictions, oral hygiene practices, and any prescribed medications.
• Regular follow-up appointments are scheduled to monitor healing, assess the stability of the remaining tooth structure, and address any concerns or complications.

1. Prognosis:

• The success of hemisection depends on various factors, including the extent of damage or infection, the patient’s oral hygiene, and compliance with postoperative care instructions.
• With proper care and maintenance, a tooth that has undergone hemisection can continue to function effectively for many years, providing chewing function and aesthetics similar to a natural tooth.

In summary, hemisection is a dental procedure performed to remove one half of a tooth, typically due to significant damage or infection in one root or portion of the tooth. It aims to preserve the remaining healthy portion of the tooth while eliminating the diseased or compromised part, allowing for continued function and stability. If you have a tooth that may require hemisection or if you have any questions about the procedure, it’s important to consult with your dentist for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan.